朗塞斯顿市和东朗塞斯顿堤防保护区洪水指南

Riverine flooding information for South Esk, North Esk and Tamar Rivers

版本 1 2024 年 7 月

Map 1 – City and East Launceston Levee protected areas during a 1% Annual Exceedance Probability (AEP) flood event.

*AEP is a term used to the express the percentage of likelihood of a flood, of a given size or larger, occurring in a given year

Map 2 – The City and East Launceston areas if a failure of the levee occurred at 1% AEP. A flood frequency greater than 1% AEP will overtop the existing levee system and increase the flood extent.

*AEP is a term used to the express the percentage of likelihood of a flood, of a given size or larger, occurring in a given year

介绍

Flooding often happens in Tasmania and can cause widespread and significant damage. In the past 200 years there have been 78 flood related deaths in Tasmania. This guide is to help you understand flood risk in the City and East Launceston areas and provide you information on what you can do to prepare for, respond and recover from a major flood.

The maps at the start of this document are there to provide an understanding of the impact of a major flood should the flood levee’s fail or overtop.

The river edge areas of City and East Launceston are subject to flooding from the:

  • South Esk River;
  • North Esk River; and
  • 卡纳玛卢卡/塔马尔河河口。.

Major flooding of the South Esk River is the greatest risk to the City and East Launceston levee protected areas. A combined South Esk and North Esk flood event would increase the risk of flooding.

The City Levee reduces flood risk for the city river edge areas. The East Launceston Levee reduces flood risk for the lower East Launceston area adjacent to the floodplain.

There is no guarantee the levees will withstand a major flood. Experiences in other countries show that levees can fail, both gradually and suddenly. If the levees fail, low lying parts of the City and East Launceston may flood quickly. Flood waters may isolate other areas.

The State Emergency Service, Tasmania Police and the City of Launceston have worked to identify Critical Decision Points for early evacuations and other actions to keep people safe in a major flood event. These are outlined further in this document.

If the South Esk River is predicted to reach a certain flood height a directed mandatory evacuation of the levee protected areas will commence.  If you stay, you could put yourselves and others at risk.

If an evacuation is called, services such as electricity, water and gas will be switched off to reduce hazards and protect assets so services can be restored as soon as possible when flood waters go down.

If you live, work, or visit these areas it is important that you follow all instructions during a flood event, especially warnings to evacuate the area early.

如果你有宠物，如果可能的话，你应该带上你的宠物。.

If you can, it is best to stay with family or friends in a safer place while your home is at risk of flooding. 

If you have nowhere to go, there is likely to be an evacuation centre opened at the Silverdome – 55 Oakden Road, Prospect Vale.

继续检查 塔斯警报 or listen to ABC local radio during a flood event for important information.

SES、朗塞斯顿市和/或塔斯马尼亚警方也可以提供有关去向以及如何前往的信息。.

在这种洪灾事件中，一些地区可能因低洼地区被淹而与外界隔绝，道路可能被洪水淹没。在这种情况下，尤其是在偏远地区，驾车通过被淹的道路是危险的。建议另辟蹊径。.

If the levees fail or are overtopped, people who did not evacuate early when directed:

  • put their lives and the lives of others at risk due to the likely rapid flooding of some buildings and roads, the flooding of evacuation routes, and the isolation of other areas from help;
  • cannot expect to have access to emergency services such as ambulance, police, fire, or SES;
  • cannot expect to have services such as electricity, gas, water, sewerage or telecommunications;
  • may be exposed to waste water as the sewerage system will be overwhelmed with water and not function;
  • all utility services may be unavailable for an extended period after a flood.

检查 TasALERT.com 在洪水事件中的关键信息.

您有洪水风险吗？

% 年超值概率 (AEP) 洪水事件，在任何给定年份都有% 的发生几率。您一生中至少会遇到一次这种频率的洪水。.

Newstead and Launceston have a long history of flooding.  Since European settlement:

  • 1852年、1863年和1893年是记录在朗塞斯顿的严重洪水事件。.
  • 1929 was the most severe flooding recorded in modern history. Over a thousand homes and buildings were damaged, with some swept from their foundations. The two suspension bridges over the Gorge area were damaged. Four thousand people were evacuated from Invermay, Inveresk and Margaret Street areas. It was not until 1940 that Launceston recovered from the flood. The 1929 floods provided incentive to build the levees.
  • 2016年——朗塞斯顿为应对重大洪水事件做好了准备，并关闭了部分堤坝。.$2.16亿英镑——如果之前的旧堤坝失效，那么此前对堤坝系统的升级工程将避免损失约.
  • 2022年 – 朗塞斯顿险些遭遇重大洪水事件。.

我应该怎么做？

查看地图，了解您的住宅或企业在洪水或堤坝保护区内是否可能面临风险。您住宅或企业面临的风险可能是潜在的淹没，或公用事业服务中断和孤立。.

  • 为您的家庭和企业准备一份应急计划。考虑在发生撤离时需要做什么，以及需要带走什么。请参阅 做好应急准备 – 个人和家庭应急准备指南。. 
  • 评估您的住宅或企业，并做好准备，以最大程度地减少溃坝可能造成的洪水损害。.
  • 如果您因残疾、疾病或行动不便有额外需求，最好在洪水事件发生前就考虑清楚您在洪水事件中可能有的具体需求。.
  • 想想可能需要帮助的家人、朋友和近邻，并将他们纳入你的个人计划中。

气象局（BoM）预报、警告和观测

英联邦发出 洪水观察 当预测天气可能导致南埃斯克河发生洪水时，洪水警报可能：

  • 特定区域，例如 南埃斯克河 集水区，或
  • 概括为，例如，适用于 中部北方河流流域

物料清单问题 洪水警告 with specific flood heightsfor the South Esk River.  Flood gauges along the rivers provide warnings of flood heights and the possible impacts in Launceston. Tides can also add to the flooding risk of the river edge areas Launceston.

关键决策点

The North Esk and South Esk rivers have pre-determined triggers for an evacuation to be declared. Tasmania Police and SES will issue the evacuation notice.

Evacuation Decision Point – 正在流动的 पाण्याची 特里瓦林大坝南埃斯克河

  • 强制疏散 – BoM Major Flood Warning – 131.24 mAHD or 2500 cumecs (m³/s)

及时了解警告和其他关键信息，请访问 tasalert.com 收听ABC本地广播。BOM的警告可以在其网站上找到，网址是 塔斯马尼亚天气和警告 (bom.gov.au)

*一立方米每秒的水量是多少？– 一立方米每秒等于一秒钟内每秒流过一点的立方米水。一立方米水等于一千升，重一吨。.

理解警告和关键信息

 建议 (黄色): 事件已发生。无即时危险。请保持关注，以防情况发生变化。. 
观察并行动（橙色）： 威胁级别有所提高。情况正在变化，您需要立即开始采取行动来保护您和您的家人
紧急警报（红色）： 紧急警报是最高级别的警报。您可能面临危险，需要立即采取行动。任何耽搁都可能危及您的生命。. 
社区更新（蓝色）： 关于特定事件或事件，受影响社区的具体信息和最新动态。.
事件（白色）： 事件是事件在成为紧急情况警告之前的最初发生。一旦报告了事件，TasALERT 就会发布基本信息，包括事件的类型和地点。.

每一次洪水都不尽相同。像地图所示那样或更严重的洪水还会再次发生。.

如果您居住在低洼地区，如果堤坝系统失效，您可能会有洪水风险。请考虑及早撤离。即使您的房屋没有被淹，该地区的出入也将受到限制。电力和供水等公用事业服务可能会在一段时间内中断。.

切勿开车穿过或驶入洪水区。.

了解该怎么做可以挽救你的生命，并保护你的财产。制定家庭应急计划是最好的准备方式之一。.

在家中应急计划中包含疏散阶段和行动触发器。.

Flood levels at East Launceston and City areas

While no two floods are the same, the following table shows what you can expect at different flood levels around the East Launceston and city levee protected areas. Even if your property is not flooded, you need to think about access routes.

Minor Flood Warning – South Esk River @ Trevallyn Dam 128.20 mAHD

  • No residences at risk of inundation in the levee protected areas.
  • No roads are affected by flooding.

Moderate Flood Warning – South Esk River @ Trevallyn Dam – 130.16 mAHD / 1600 cumecs (m³/s)

  • No residences at risk of inundation in the levee protected areas.
  • Henry Street will be flooded and will remain closed.
  • Glebe Farm Road may be closed by levee gate closure.
  • Roads close to the area may become inundated and this can also be influenced by the tides including:
    • Henry Street
    • Hoblers Bridge Road and
    • Station Road.
  • West Tamar Highway may be impacted

Major Flood Warning – South Esk River @ Trevallyn Dam – 130.95 mAHD / 2250 cumecs (m³/s)

Mandatory Evacuation – 2500 cumecs (m³/s)

  • Mandatory evacuation of residences being at risk of flood will commence if forecast flooding exceeds 2500 cumecs (m³/s) – the critical decision point.
  • 疏散风险区域
    • Lower Charles Street
    • William Street, Esplanade
    • Shields Street
    • Lower St Johns Street
    • Tamar Street
    • Cimitiere Street
    • Boland Street
    • Willis Street
    • Lawrence Street
    • Innes Street
    • Racecourse Cresent
    • Dowling Street
    • Broadlands Drive
  • 塔斯马尼亚警方将指挥疏散并确保疏散区域的安全。.
  • 霍布勒桥路（Hoblers Bridge Road）已被淹没并关闭。.
  • Henry Street will be flooded closed.
  • West Tamar Highway will be flooded and closed depending on the tide height.
  • Charles Street Bridge will be closed and there will be restriction of through traffic to travel north of the city.
  • There is the possibility for flooding to exceed the height of the levees. If this happens flood waters will enter Invermay and Inveresk.


了解风险，做好准备，尽可能降低风险，与他人联系，保持警惕，并安全行事。.

之前

了解您的风险

根据您所在的位置，您可能会以不同的方式经历洪水。然而，如果您居住在东朗塞斯顿和市区易发生洪水的地区，一旦发生大洪水且堤坝被冲破或失效，您可能会受到洪水的影响，并且没有电力、燃气、供水和排污服务。.

2. 准备您的家庭

制定涵盖风暴和洪水的应急计划

考虑一下在风暴或洪水来临时你会怎么做，这意味着你会有更好的准备，每个人都会更安全。制定一个你的家庭成员都明白的应急计划。有一些清单可以帮助你完善你的计划——请看 做好应急准备 – 个人和家庭应急准备指南。. 

定期检查您的计划，并让家中的每一位成员都模拟可能影响您家庭的洪水场景进行演练。.

与朋友和家人分享此计划，以及任何可能需要知道的人，例如育儿、支持服务等。确保他们了解如果您执行计划，他们将扮演的角色。.

准备一个应急包

准备好了

  • 电池供电的收音机和手电筒，备用电池
  • 重要信息，例如您的应急计划
  • 紧急电话号码列表
  • 食物和水
  • 急救箱
  • 橡胶或结实的皮革手套

视情况打包

  • 保暖衣物、结实的鞋子或靴子
  • 药品、眼镜或其他必需品
  • 手机和充电器
  • 宠物食品以及它们所需的其他任何物品
  • 照片和特别的纪念品
  • 钱
  • 重要文件，例如
    • 保险单据
    • 护照和
    • 出生证明

定期测试收音机和手电筒里的电池。.

3. 尽量减少您遭受洪灾的风险

  • 在购买、维护或开发房产时，请考虑风暴、洪水和其他危险。.
  • 修剪或移除您家中、商铺上方或您物业附近电线上方的树木和树枝。.
  • 保持雨水槽和排水沟畅通。.

4. 与他人联系

认识你的邻居并参与社区活动。一个联系紧密的社区在紧急情况下更安全、更有韧性，并且有助于每个人在事后更好地恢复。检查家人和邻居是否安全，是否了解正在发生的情况。.

期间

5. 保持警惕

留意周围发生的事情。定期查看预报、观测和警报。.

6. 确保安全

  • 看管好孩子。.
  • 为应对可能的电力、供水或网络中断做好准备。.
  • 检查您的应急包是否已准备好。.
  • 避开积水区域，如排水沟。. 永不 在洪水期间徒步、玩耍、骑车或驾车。您无法分辨水下有什么，也无法判断水深或水流速度。在仅 20 厘米的快速流动的水中，很容易被冲走并溺水。洪水可能很危险。.

当地面发生洪水时

  • 将家用物品放在高处以最大程度地减少可能的损坏。.
  • 如果安全的话，请关闭水电煤气。.
  • 一种防止污水倒灌回家的好方法是将沙袋放入塑料袋中，然后用它们堵住马桶、覆盖排水管和水槽。.
  • 趁还能安全离开就走。.

当您需要疏散时

  • 强制疏散 – 塔斯马尼亚警方将指示您离开该区域。.
  • 遵循 SES / 塔斯马尼亚警方 的建议。. 
  • 带上你的应急包。.
  • 去朋友或家人那里更安全的地方，或者去避难所。 如果没有其他选择
  • 让别人知道你去了哪里。.

照顾好您的动物

您有责任在紧急情况下照顾好您的动物。如果您养有宠物和其他动物，在洪水或其他紧急情况下疏散会花费您更长的时间。如需了解更多信息，请参阅 RSPCA 应急动物准备指南 和 RSPCA 塔斯马尼亚：准备好了，宠物，出发！

考虑找一个“宠物伙伴”——宠物伙伴是指在紧急情况下你可以把宠物寄养的朋友或亲戚。和你的宠物伙伴谈谈你的疏散计划，更多信息可以在 朗塞斯顿市应急管理中心

暴风雨期间及之后避免出行

  • 不要去观光。观光客会延误紧急服务，导致事故，并增加出入因弗梅区域的交通流量，延长交通拥堵。.
  • 注意诸如
    • 路面积水
    • 受损的电力线
    • 山体滑坡
    • 损坏的道路
    • 倒下的树木或屋面板。.
  • 切勿冒险涉水。洪水中的大多数死亡和救援事件都与驾车涉水有关。.
  • 在未受洪水影响的道路上行驶时，请慢行并打开车头灯。.

之后

  • 请继续收听 ABC 本地广播电台的最新消息、道路重新开放信息、社区会议等。.
  • 如果您离开了家，在紧急事务管理署（SES）或塔斯马尼亚警方告知您可以安全返回之前，请勿回家。.
  • 注意道路危险，例如路面上的泥土或碎屑、损坏的道路/桥梁以及正在进行清理和维修的工作人员。.

如果您的房屋遭到损坏

  • 小心倒下的树木、碎玻璃、松动的屋顶瓦片或其他危险物品。.
  • 穿结实的靴子、手套和防护服。.
  • 在受洪水影响的建筑物内部，请使用手电筒，切勿使用火柴或蜡烛。.
  • 饮用水必须煮沸，直到被告知自来水安全为止。.
  • 在由持牌电工或燃气技师进行安全测试之前，请勿接通电源或燃气。.
  • 如果您的房屋受损，需要住到别处，请带上您的应急包和宠物。
  • 如果安全，请拍摄任何损坏的照片并联系您的保险公司。.
  • 看管好孩子。.
  • 检查邻居是否安好。.

欲了解更多信息，请访问 www.ses.tas.gov.au 或 www.launceston.tas.gov.au/Emergency-Management-Hub.

保持知情和获取更多信息

当前警告 (TasALERT)            Tasalert.com

气象局           bom.gov.au/tas/warnings

紧急广播员 ABC 91.7FM

TAS SES 社交媒体 facebook.com/sestasmania

防洪应急准备        ses.tas.gov.au/plan-prepare/flood                     

朗塞斯顿市议会   6323 3000 朗塞斯顿市应急管理中心

国家接力服务             relayservice.gov.au

翻译与传译服务 (TIS National)    www.tisnational.gov.au/

免责声明

The maps show potential flooding risks from consistent levels of rainfall across catchments, such as a 1% Annual Exceedance Probability (AEP).  In flooding events, rainfall is likely to be more inconsistent across a catchment, so these flood maps should be considered indicative only.  The mapped areas of flood risk show higher probability of inundation. Other areas have lower probability of flooding, but in severe and rare events (rarer than 1%AEP), other lower areas may be also at risk of inundation.

本指南中的信息在发布之日是最新信息。尽管已尽一切努力确保所呈现数据的有效性和准确性，但州应急服务部门对数据错误或遗漏概不负责。请参阅 t塔斯马尼亚州政府标准版权和免责声明 更多详情。.